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Pembahasan Materi, Contoh dan Latihan Soal Explanation Text SMA

Pembahasan Materi, Contoh dan Latihan Soal Explanation Text SMA

Explanation Text merupakan salah satu materi teks dalam reading comprehension bahasa Inggris SMA atau SMK. Teks ini memuat proses-proses yang berkaitan dengan gejala-gejala alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya dan lainnya. Jenis teks ini umumnya berasal dari pertanyaan penulis tentang mengapa (why) dan bagaimana (how) terhadap suatu gejala yang ada.
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena

Generic Structure
Berdasarkan struktur kebahasaannya, Explanation Text terdiri dari tiga bagian utama, yakni general statement, sequence of explanation, dan closing. Berikut penjelasan setiap bagian itu.
A general statement
Bagian ini menjelaskan suatu peristiwa atau gejala (fenomena) yang terjadi. Bagian ini juga berupa  penjelasan umum tentang peristiwa tersebut.
A sequence of explanation
A sequence of explanation berisi tentang penjelasan proses mengapa suatu fenomena bisa terjadi atau tercipta. Bagian ini merupakan  jawaban dari pertanyaan ‘why’ dan ‘how’ saat kita membuat jenis teks explanation. 
Closing
Closing dalam explanation text merupakan penutup. Secara sistematis bagian ini tidak terdapat dalam struktur umum Explanation text, akan tetapi banyak  beranggapan bahwa paragraf terakhir dari sebuah Explanation text adalah closing. Padahal, itu merupakan bagian dari squence of explanation yang berisi tentang langkah akhir yang dijelaskan pada bagian squence of explanation.

Jenis Explanation Text
Dikutip dari situs literacyideas.com, explanation text digolongkan menjadi empat jenis yaitu, 
  1. Sequential – detail dari tahapan sebuah even atau kejadian contohnya, how a caterpillar turns into a moth.
  2. Causal - Detail tentang apa yang berubah dari satu tahapan ke tahapan yang lain. Contoh : How a president is elected.
  3. Theoretical - Detail tentang bagaimana fenomena yang terjadi secara alami atau proses yang dibuat yang secara tidak mudah dipahami. Contoh :What caused the Nazi's to lose World War II
  4. Factorial and consequential explanations, yang menjelaskan efek dan hasil dari sebuah proses. Biasanya digunakan dalam konteks tingkat primer dan sekunder. Contoh : 

              Scientific– eg Explain the causes of climate change (Factorial) 
              Historical– eg Explain the causes of World War 2 (Factorial)

Ciri-Ciri Kebahasaan
Explanation text memiliki ciri-ciri kebahasaan yang ditandai dengan penggunaan enam elemen gramatikal, yaitu,  
(1) simple present tense, 
(2) abstract noun,
(3) passive voice, 
(4) action verbs, 
(5) noun phrase, 
(6) conjunction of time dan cause-effect

Contoh Explanation Text

Contoh 1

Contoh 2 (tanpa Generic Structure)

Latihan Soal Explanation
Nearly all energy is derived from the sun, either indirectly or directly, in the form of the form of heat rays and light rays. Electrical energy is derived from the sun indirectly. It can be derived from the power of the earth’s surface, by mean of the sun’s heat. This water vapor rises, condenses on cooling, and falls as rain.
The light and heat energy from coal is also derived indirectly from the sun. Coal was formed by the pressure of the rocks on vegetation which died millions of years ago. That vegetation grew with the aid of sunlight, from which carbohydrates were formed, thus converting solar energy into chemical energy. When coal is burn some of this energy is released.
Energy used to drive car engines is derived from petrol, which is also formed with the indirect aid of the sun. Plants and animal were pressed under the rocks in the earth. These dead animals and vegetables remains formed petroleum, from which petrol and oil are now obtained.

Thus the sun can be said to be source of nearly all energy, and in the absence of the sun’s heat and light, no life could exist on earth.


1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. solar energy
B. electrical energy
C. fossil fuel energy
D. light and heat energy
E. sources of energy

2. Where does energy come from originally? It comes from …
A. the sun
B. the electricity
C. the coal
D. the petrol
E. head and light rays


Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time we will enter the amazing world of chocolate so we can understand exactly how chocolate is made.

Chocolate is taken from a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in place such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the tree’s seeds, also known as coco beans.

The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavor. Different beans from different place have different qualities and flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix.

Next, the roasted beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao beans bean from its shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter.

All seeds contain some amount of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs from liquid. It’s pure bitter chocolate.

3. What does the text tells us about?
A. the cacao tree
B. the cacao beans
C. the raw chocolate
D. the making of chocolate
E. the flavor of chocolate


4. It can be concluded from the text that the cacao beans are roasted to ....
A. have a good looking
B. have a good taste
C. have it burned
D. make it well-looked
E. bring out its color


5. “ …., so they are often sorted and blended to produce ….” ( Paragraph 3 )
The underline word is close in meaning to …
A. arranged
B. combined
C. separated
D. distributed
E. organized


6. The most important step to have good taste of the chocolate is in ....
A. the sorting.
B. the grinding.
C. the winnowing.
D. the fermenting.
E. the roasting.


On May 16, 2010, people in most regions in the world have seen a very rare natural phenomenon. It was Venus eclipse. It was very rare amazing natural event. It was reported that the Venus eclipse will seen again in the future in 2050. Do you know how this rare Venus eclipse happens?

Well, actually Venus eclipse is like Sun eclipse. Venus eclipses occurs when the position of the earth, moon and Venus is parallel. Venus planet will slowly disappear for a moment because it is covered the surface of the Moon. Venus planet seems to move to the back side of the Moon.

The moon and planets are sharing a similar apparent path in the sky. That is why, it is not unusual for the moon to appear to pass close to Venus. In fact, the moon appears somewhere near it about once a month. However, most people don’t see these events because they are visible in the evening sky only half the time, and then only for a short period after sunset. The apparent closeness varies from month to month as well.

7. The purpose of the text is ....
A. to describe Venus eclipse
B. to tell natural phenomenon
C. to explain how and when to see Venus eclipse
D. to explain how Venus eclipse takes place
E. to amuse about the scientific story of Venus eclipse


8. The moon appears somewhere near Venus about once a month is visible ....
A. in the dark sky
B. only for a short period  after sunset
C. only at night
D. varies from month to month
E. when the moon appears to pass close to Venus


9. It can be stated that Venus eclipse will occur in the next ....
A. ten years
B. twenty years
C. fifteen years
D. forty years
E. fifty years


10. How does Venus eclipse take place?
A. It is like sun eclipse
B. When the moon and planets are sharing a similar apparent path in the sky
C. When the sun moves to the back side of the moon
D. When it covers the surface of the moon
E. When the position of the moon, the earth and Venus is parallel


Demikian Pembahasan Materi, Contoh dan Latihan Soal Explanation Text SMA, semoga bisa bermanfaat bagi semua. Terima kasih sudah berkunjung.

Salam.
Latihan Listening UN Bahasa Inggris SMA Tahun 2018

Latihan Listening UN Bahasa Inggris SMA Tahun 2018

Meskipun Ujian Nasional (UN) bukanlah sebuah penentu kelulusan saat ini tetapi mempersiapkan ujian dengan maksimal merupakan hal yang sifatnya wajib. Ujian Nasional bisa dijadikan tolak ukur untuk menguji kemampuan siswa selama mereka mengenyam pendidikannya selama tiga tahun terakhir. Oleh karena itu persiapan matang harus dilakukan sebelum hari -H bulan April mendatang.

Salah satu mapel Ujian Nasional adalah bahasa Inggris. Bahasa Inggris tingkat SMA dipandang sebagai mapel yang lumayan unik, karena terdiri dari dua bagian utama yaitu listening dan reading. Bila dibanding reading, kita pasti setuju bila listening juga sebagai materi yang sulit.

Latihan dan juga kebiasaan mendengarkan khususnya lagu, dialog, berita, podcasts dalam bahasa Inggris akan melatih pendengaran kita khususnya dalam bahasa Inggris. Juga mengenali tipikal soal bahasa Inggris SMA untuk bagian listening adalah hal yang utama.

Soal listening bahasa Inggris SMA berjumlah lima belas butir soal dengan terdiri dari empat bagian utama. Setiap bagian utama memiliki karakter yang tersendiri. Untuk lebih jelasnya berikut pembahasannya.
  • Pada bagian pertama, kita akan mendengar percakapan disertai dengan pertanyaan seputar dialog tersebut. Ada lima pilihan jawaban yang akan tersedia dalam soal, dan diharuskan memilih salah satu jawaban yang paling benar. Soal bagian pertama ini terdapat pada nomor satu sampai empat.
  • Pada bagian kedua, Kita akan mendengar dialog yang belum lengkap, khususnya pada bagian respon dialog tersebut. Kita mesti memilih satu respon dari empat respon pilihan jawaban yang tepat untuk melengkapi dialog tersebut. bagian kedua ini terdapat pada nomor lima sampai tujuh.
  • Pada bagian ketiga, Kita akan mendengar monolog dalam bahasa Inggris. Kita harus mencari tahu informasi apa yang terdapat dalam monolog. Pada soal, akan tampak lima jawaban yang berbentuk gambar dan kita diharuskan memilih gambar yang sesuai dengan apa yang dimaksudkan dalam monolog. Soal untuk bagian ketiga ini terdapat pada  soal nomor  delapan sampai sebelas.
  • Pada bagian keempat, Kita akan mendengar monolog, kemudian kita diminta untuk menjawab pertanyaan seputar informasi yang terdapat dalam monolog tersebut. Lima pilihan jawaban informasi akan tersedia dalam soal dan kita akan memilih salah satu jawaban yang benar berdasar monolog tersebut. 
***Sumber screenshot gambar dari soal listening UN 2016/ 2017

Dari keempat bagian soal listening diatas, pendengaran kita memang benar- benar harus diuji bagaimana menemukan informasi, respon atau kata kunci yang tepat untuk menjawab setiap butir soal.

Sebagai bahan latihan listening, berikut ini saya lengkapi bahan untuk latihan listening dalam rangka persiapan UNBK 2018 mendatang. Soal- soal dalam listening berikut dapat dikerjakan secara online, hanya dengan dengan menge-klik pilihan yang paling benar sambil mendengarkan audio-nya. Pada bagian akhir, silahkan lihat skor nilai sesuai jawaban benar yang telah dipilih. 

Sebelum mulai menjawab, silahkan unduh terlebih dahulu file atau langsung mainkan audio listeningnya melalui tautan berikut ini,



AUDIO FILE LISTENING UNBK SMA 2018

Nah, langsung saja berikut soal latihannya.

Listening section
In this section of the test, you will have the chance to show how well you understand spoken English. There are four parts to this section with special direction for each part.

Part I: Questions 1 to 4
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear some dialogues and questions spoken in English. The dialogues and the questions will be spoken twice. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying.
After you listen to the dialogue and the question about it, read the five possible answers, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Now listen to a sample question.
You will hear:
Man : I give up! I’ll stop learning French
Woman : Why do you say that? You are making a lot of progress.
Man : No, I’m not. I’ve tried hard but still, I cannot speak it well
Woman : How come? You can Arabic, Hindi, Japanese, and even Rusian well, can’t you?
Narrator : What language is difficult tor the man to learn?
A. Hindi
B. Arabic.
C. French
D. Russian.
E. Japanese
Narrator : The best answer to this question is “French”. Therefore you should choose answer (C).

Now, let's begin with number one
1. Choose the best answer
Take a glass of juice
Order an orange juice
Try an ice tea
Order a Capuccino Float
Drink mineral bottled water

2. Choose the best answer
Book
Beautiful dress
Wrist watch
a smartphone
a novel

3. Choose the best answer
Fruit
Milk
Bread
Noodles
Cereal

4. Choose the best answer
Warm
Drier
Hotter
Cooler
Very hot

PART II Questions 5 to 7.
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear some incomplete dialogues spoken in English, followed by four responses, also spoken in English. The dialogues and the responses will be spoken twice. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying. You have to choose the best response to each question. Now listen to a sample question.

Woman : Do you have any plans for next weekend?
Man : I am thinking of going mountain climbing.
Woman : That's interesting. Can I go with you?
Man : Sure. Do you have any suggestions for activities there?
Woman : …
Narrator : What does the woman probably respond?

A. Sorry, but I don't know much about that.
B. Yes, we could have a barbeque there.
C. Yes, I think that mountain is too high.
D. Yes, I really love mountain climbing.
Narrator : The best answer to the question "What does the woman probably respond?" is "Yes, we could have a barbeque there." Therefore you should choose answer (B).


5. Choose the best answer
A
B
C
D
E

6. Choose the best answer
A
B
C
D
E

7. Choose the best answer
A
B
C
D
E

PART III
Questions: 8 to 11.
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear some dialogues or monologues spoken in English. The dialogues or monologues will be spoken twice. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying. After you listen to the dialogue or monolog ue, look at the five pictures provided in your test book, and decide which would be the most suitable one for the dialogue or monologue you have heard.

Picture 1 is for number 8

8. Choose the best answer
A
B
C
D
E

Picture 2 is for number 9

9. Choose the best answer
A
B
C
D
E

Picture 3 is for number 10

10. Choose the best answer
A
B
C
D
E

Picture 4 is for number 11


11. Choose the best answer
A
B
C
D
E

PART IV
Questions 12 to 15.
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear several monologues. Each monologue will be spoken twice. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying. After you hear the monologue and the question about it, read the five possible answers and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

12. Choose the best answer
Clothes
Statue
Relief
Bright shells
Temple

13. Choose the best answer
He carved an ivory statue
He gave some presents
He returned home
He married a woman
He turned the statue into a woman

14. Choose the best answer
The beautiful Paris
Popular place in Paris
Largest museum in Paris
The city of light
Eiffel Tower

15. Choose the best answer
Eiffel Tower
Notre Dame
D’Louvre
Sainte -Chapelle
Montmarte

Score =
Correct answers:

Dan berikut listening script-nya.

Listening section
In this section of the test, you will have the chance to show how well you understand spoken English. There are four parts to this section with special direction for each part.

Part I: Questions 1 to 4
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear some dialogues and questions spoken in English. The dialogues and the questions will be spoken twice. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying.
After you listen to the dialogue and the question about it, read the five possible answers, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Now listen to a sample question.

You will hear:
Man : I give up! I’ll stop learning French
Woman : Why do you say that? You are making a lot of progress.
Man : No, I’m not. I’ve tried hard but still, I cannot speak it well
Woman : How come? You can  speak Arabic, Hindi, Japanese, and even Russian well, can’t you?
Narrator : What language is difficult tor the man to learn?
A. Hindi
B. Arabic.
C. French
D. Russian.
E. Japanese
Narrator : The best answer to this question is “French”. Therefore you should choose answer (C).

1. Man : I don’t know what to order. I could drink everything on the menu.
Woman : Why don’t you try orange juice or ice tea?
Man : orange  juice sounds good. I’ll take it.
Woman : I think I’ll have a Cappuccino Float
Narrator  : What would the woman do?
2. Woman : Thank you very much for the beautiful book, Mr Sugeng. It was very nice of you to remember my birthday.
Man  : It was the life I could give you. I hope you like it.
Narrator: What did the man give to the woman?
3. Man       : We are almost out of cereal.
Woman  : I know. I will go to the grocery store to buy some more. I will also get some milk, bread and fruit.
Man        : Would you get me some instant noodles?
Woman   : Sure.
Narrator : What does the man want the woman to buy?
4. Man       : Hot today, isn’t?
Woman  : Yes, it is. I wish that it would rain and cool off.
Man        : Me too. This is unusual for March. I don’t remember it ever being so hot and dry in  March before.
Narrator  : According to the conversation, what kind of weather is usual for March?

PART II Questions 5 to 7.
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear some incomplete dialogues spoken in English, followed by four responses, also spoken inn English. The dialogues and the responses will be spoken twice.  They  will not  be  printed  in  your  test  book,  so  you must  listen  carefully  to  understand  what  the  speakers  are saying. You have to choose the best response to each question. Now listen to a sample question.

Woman  :   Do you have any plans for next weekend?
Man  :   I am thinking of going mountain climbing.
Woman  :   That's interesting. Can I go with you?
Man  :   Sure. Do you have any suggestions for activities there?
Woman  :   …
Narrator  :   What does the woman probably respond?
A.  Sorry, but I don't know much about that.
B.  Yes, we could have a barbecue there.
C.  Yes, I think that mountain is too high.
D.  Yes, I really love mountain climbing.
Narrator  :  The  best  answer  to  the  question  "What  does  the  woman  probably respond?" is "Yes, we  could have a barbecue there." Therefore you should choose answer (B).

5. Man  : I really made a mistake.
Woman : What about?
Man  : I have broken your pen.
Woman : That pen? Oh, no!
Man       : ….
Narrator: What is the man most likely reply?
A. I’d love that pen.
B. Thank you.
C. I’m proud of you.
D. I’m very sorry.

6. Woman  : Whose car is it in front of my house?
Man   : It is yours, Madam. Congratulations. An air company had decided that you won the painting competition which was held last Month.
Woman  : .....
Narrator  : What would the woman reply?
A. You had better not do that.
B. The painting competition was really tough.
C. Are you sure? I can’t believe it.
D. The car is very unique.

7. Woman: What do you think of my new jacket? Does it suit me?
Man       : …..
Narrator: What does the man probably answer?
A. Yes, you look nice
B. Yes, this is absolutely right
C. Yes, I think you are wrong
D. No, you’ll never believe it

PART III 
Questions: 8 to 11.
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear some dialogues or monologues spoken in English. The dialogues or  monologues  will  be  spoken  twice.  They  will  not  be  printed in  your  test  book,  so  you  must  listen  carefully to understand what the speakers are saying. After you listen to the dialogue or monologue, look at the five pictures provided in your test book, and decide which would be the most suitable one for the dialogue or monologue you have heard.

8. Man : What is TV 9 tonight?
Woman : There is a traditional dance performance. This dance is very energetic
Man : What is it like?
Woman : A group of people sitting together, side by side, moving their arms, shoulders, and heads in time with one another.
Narrator: Which picture goes with the dialogue?

9. Woman :  What sport do you like best?
Man :  I love soccer. It is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a ball. I will have a big match next month in Gelora Bung Karno stadion
Narrator: Which sport game shows the man description?

10. Angkor Wat was faced a Hindu temple, a man of Buddhist temple completed in Cambodia. It is the largest religious monument in the world. The temple was built by the Khmer King, Suryawarman II in the early twelveth century in Yosadapura, the capital of the Khmer Empire as this temple of eventual moslem. It is dedicated to Wisnu.
Narrator: Which picture goes with the monologue?

11. Man: This animal have a pair of wings. It is active at night. And it’s sleep during the day. People regards the animal as a manifestation of Dracula. It has broad-round eyes and sharp fangs. This animal can be found in the cave hanging upside down.
Narrator: Which picture goes to the monologue?

PART IV 
Questions 12 to 15.
Directions:
In  this  part  of  the  test,  you  will  hear  several  monologues.  Each  monologue  will  be  spoken  twice. They  will  not  be  printed  in  your  test  book,  so  you  must  listen  carefully  to  understand  what  the
speakers are saying. After you hear the monologue and the question about it, read the five possible answers and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.



Questions 13 and 14 based on the following monologue

Pygmalion is a Greek name. One day, Pygmalion set to work to carve an ivory statue of a perfect woman.  When it was finished, the statue was so beautiful that he fell in love with it. He clothed it and gave it presents of bright shells, colored stone, flowers, as though it were a real woman.
At the temple on the feast of Aphrodite, he prayed to the Goddess for a wife exactly like his statue and returned hoe to dote on it. As he gazed, the statue gradually turned into living woman whom he married and called Galatea

12. Narrator : What is made by Pygmalion?

13. Narrator : What  did Pygmalion do after praying to the Goddess?

Questions 14 and 15 based on the following monologue

Paris is the capital city of France. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It is also one of the world’s most crowded cities. Lovely gardens and parks are found throughout Paris. At night, many palaces and statues are lit up.  For this reason, Paris is often called the city of light. Every year, millions of people visit Paris. The most popular place to visit is the Eiffel Tower. This huge structure has become the symbol of Paris. D’Louvre, one of the world‘s largest art museums draws many visitors. The Cathedral Notre Dame, a famous church, is an other favorite place to visit.

14. Narrator : What is the monologue about?

15. What is the name of the largest art museum in Paris?

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