Meskipun Biography text merupakan bagian dari jenis recount text, dalam materi bahasa Inggris di sekolah, teks ini sering dijabarkan dalam materi tersendiri terpisah dari recount text yang membahas tentang cerita pengalaman masa lalu. Teks ini mengkhususkan tentang kehidupan seseorang secara menyeluruh. Berbeda dengan autobiography yang kita kenal ditulis dengan menggunakan sudut pandang orang pertama, biography selalu dikemukakan memakai sudut pandang orang ketiga. Adapun tujuan biography text adalah untuk menceritakan tentang kehidupan seseorang.
Biography text memiliki generic structure yang sama dengan recount text. Generic structure dalam biography text yaitu,
- Orientation, yaitu pernyataan pembuka untuk mengenalkan tokoh, waktu dan tempat
- Events, rangkaian peristiwa atau kejadian yang tokoh alami secara kronologis. Biasanya berisikan tentang kapan dan dimana tokoh tersebut lahir, awal kehidupan tokoh tersebut, dan apa yang dia lakukan.
- Reorientation, bagian penutup yang menunjukkan bagaimana ttokoh tersebut bisa dikenang dan berisikan pendapat penulis akan tokoh yang diutarakan.
Biography text sering menggunakan unsur kebahasaan tertentu, antara lain :
- Kata benda tertentu sebagai kata ganti orang, misalnya Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Tailor swift, J.K Rowling, Leonardo Di Caprio, dan sebagainya.
- Individual participant, yaitu berfokus pada pelaku tertentu secara spesifik.
- Bentuk Past Tense, menggunakan kata kerja bentuk lampau
- Time connective and conjunction untuk mengurutkan kejadian seperti after, before, then
- Action verbs, kata kerja yang menunjukkan peristiwa atau kegiatan, misalnya stayed, studied, dll
- Menggunakan kata ganti orang ketiga
Contoh Biography text 1
Walter Elias Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1996) was an American animated film producer and animator. He was also the creator of an American-based theme park called Disneyland, and the founder of the highly profitable corporation, now known as The Walt Disney Company.
Disney was born in Chicago to Elias Disney and Flora Call. He was named after his father and after his father’s close friend Walter Parr, the minister at St. Paul Congregational Church. In 1906, his family moved to a farm near Marceline, Missouri. The family sold the farm in 1909 and lived in a rented house until 1910, when they moved to Kansas City. Disney was nine years old.
According to the Kansas City, Missouri, Public School District records, Disney began attending the Benton Grammar School in 1911, and continued his formal education there until he graduated on June 8, 1917. During this time, Disney also enrolled in classes at Kansas City Art Institute. In the fall of 1917, Disney rejoined his family. He left school at the age sixteen and became a volunteer ambulance driver in World War I, after he changed his birth certificate to show his year of birth as 1900 in order to be able to enlist in the service. He served as a member of the American Red Cross Ambulance Force in France till 1919.
Contoh Biography text 2
Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself geometry when he was 12 years old. School bored him because it required endless memorizing and reciting. He often skipped classes to study on his own or to play his violin. Yet he graduated from college in 1900 and earned a Ph.D. degree in 1905. From 1902 to 1907, Einstein worked as a clerk in the patent office in Zürich, Switzerland. His job left him plenty of time to think.Untuk melengkapi materi Biography, berikut saya sajikan latihan soal yang bisa dikerjakan secara online dan pada akhir pertanyaan dapat dilihat skor nilai serta kunci jawaban soal yang sudah anda kerjakan.
Einstein thought about the rules that govern the way the world works. For example, he explained why small particles in liquids wiggle around, a movement called Brownian motion. He said that the particles were being bumped into by tiny bits of matter called atoms that are too small to see.
He also thought about light and electricity. Einstein knew that light shining on metal sometimes causes electricity to flow. He explained this result, called the photoelectric effect, by saying that light is made of tiny bundles of energy called photons. Photons hitting the metal knock particles called electrons away. Since electricity is simply moving electrons, he had solved the mystery of the photoelectric effect. In 1921, Einstein won the most famous prize in science, the Nobel Prize, for this work.
Another thing Einstein thought about was time. He said that time does not always flow at the same rate. He proposed that motion affects time. He called this idea the special theory of relativity.
Einstein then came up with his general theory of relativity. This theory has a new explanation for gravity. Einstein said that gravity comes from curves or dents in the fabric of space. Objects make dents in space the way a bowling ball makes a dent in a mattress. The Moon falls into the dent made by Earth and rolls around the Earth. Scientists later proved that the dent a star makes in space-time bends light as the light passes by.
Einstein changed physics by showing that new ideas could come just from thinking. Before Einstein, most new ideas in physics had come from experiments in the laboratory.
Source : Microsoft ® Encarta ®
Kaka was born in Brazilia. From age 4 to 7, his family lived in Cuiaba, following his father, a civil engineer. At age 7, the family moved to the city of Sao Paulo, in the neighborhood of Morumbi, near the stadium of Sao Paulo FC. As FIFA says, " Kaka fails to fit the Brazilian stereo type of the kid from the favela who first played the game in the street with a ball made from rags. Coming from comfortable and cultured family, Kaka kept up his studies as long as they were compatible with his profession."
His talent was soon recognized. A professor called the family and suggested enrolling him in a football school. At age 8, Kaka was playing with Sao Paulo FC, where he succeeded in all categories. At age 14, Kaka used to wake up two hours early, to keep up with his studies. Kaka managed to conclude the intermediary cycle (eleven years) in Brazil, before dedicating exclusively to football.
In 2006, only 24 years old, Kaka was one of the main Brazilian players in the World Cup. Despite the abundance of good players, coach Carlos Alberto Parreira already said that Kaka would start as a principle. The groups formed by Kaka, Ronaldinho, Ronaldo and Adriano was called "the Magic Square" by Brazilian media fans.
Semoga pembahasan dan contoh soal- soal biography text diatas bisa menjadi referensi dalam belajar khususnya dalam menghadapi Ujian nasional mendatang. Bila tulisan ini bermanfaat, silahkan bagikan ke teman- teman anda semua.
Semoga bermanfaat.
Semoga bermanfaat.
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